Gallstones are small, rock-like deposits that are formed in the gallbladder. Bile that is produced by the liver is stored in the gallbladder. Bile is released into the small intestine via the bile duct to aid in the digestion of fats and heavy minerals. Gallstones form when bile calcify and harden; this often occurs when there is an increase in the level of calcium-rich bilirubin and the body cannot secrete it fast enough. Excess bilirubin gradually coagulates to form gallstones.
In dogs, gallstones is generally linked to protein deficiency. In addition to emulsification of fats, bile also works to counteract the protein-rich acid of the stomach. When there is protein deficiency, the amount of bile that is needed to neutralize the acid-ph of the stomach is less. This can eventually interrupt the flow of bile and causes its buildup in the gallbladder. To deal with the excess bile, calcification takes place.
If your pet has been diagnosed with gallstones, discuss with your veterinarian Plano, TX about treatment options that are available.
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